Percentage of Islanding and Peninsulating Detection in ‎Large Microgrids with Renewable Energy Resources ‎with Multiple Connection Points to Different Grids

Darvish Kermani, Saman; Fayazi, Mohammad; Barati, Jamshid; Joorabian, Mahmood

doi:10.61186/jgeri.1.2.1

Percentage of Islanding and Peninsulating Detection in ‎Large Microgrids with Renewable Energy Resources ‎with Multiple Connection Points to Different Grids

Document Type : Research article

Authors

Saman Darvish Kermani ¹

Mohammad Fayazi ²

Jamshid Barati ³

Mahmood Joorabian ⁴

¹ GHD Advisory, Melbourne VIC 3000, Australia.

² Dam and power plant department, Khuzestan Water and Power Authority (KWPA), Ahvaz 61348-13956, Iran.

³ Department of Electrical Engineering, Ramhormoz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ramhormoz, Iran.

⁴ Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.

https://doi.org/10.61186/jgeri.1.2.1

Abstract

This paper presents the islanding and peninsulating of distributed generators (DGs), such as wind and solar ‎power plants, that feed microgrid systems. However, the paper does not focus on just an ordinary microgrid but ‎large microgrids that have several sub-microgrids with renewable energy resources and multiple connection ‎points (MCPs) to different grids. When islanding happens, the main microgrid disconnects some connection ‎points from grids whereas some connection points to other grids could be connected and divided into some sub-‎microgrids for better stability. Two new definitions are proposed for large microgrid islanding: percentage of ‎islanding and peninsulating. The former means how much it is possible that an islanding happens before it ‎happens, and the latter means that: “after separating from some connection points to grids in a large microgrid ‎with MCPs to different grids, remained large microgrid network is an island or a peninsula that is connected in ‎some connection points to other grids? So, peninsulating a large microgrid depends on the number of connection ‎points, at least two points, to different grids. This paper describes these two new definitions. The method involves ‎the measurement of utility currents, voltages, and other signals through a bidirectional communications system in ‎smart grids. These signals are used to calculate the percentage of islanding and decide on microgrid islanding or ‎peninsulating.

Graphical Abstract

Percentage of Islanding and Peninsulating Detection in ‎Large Microgrids with Renewable Energy Resources ‎with Multiple Connection Points to Different Grids

Highlights

Presenting a new method for islanding and peninsulating detection in large microgrids
Presenting of two concepts "percentage of islanding" and "peninsulating" in the study of islanding issues
Considering the impact of renewable energy resources in the presented islanding detection method
High usability of the proposed method due to the simplicity of its algorithm

Keywords

Islanding‎

Peninsulating

Microgrid‎

Smart grid‎

Distributed generation

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Khuzestan water and power authority (KWPA) and management of the office of applied and research for support for this research.

Declaration of Competing Interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. The ethical issues, including plagiarism, informed consent, misconduct, data fabrication and/or falsification, double publication and/or submission, redundancy, have been completely observed by the authors.

Credit Authorship Contribution Statement

Saman Darvish Kermani: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Roles/Writing - original draft. Mohammad Fayazi: Conceptualization, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, Roles/Writing - original draft, Writing-review & editing. Jamshid Barati^:Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Validation, Visualization, Roles/Writing - original draft. Mahmood Joorabian: Conceptualization, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Roles/Writing - original draft.

Bibliography

Saman Darvish Kermani received his PhD degree in 2016 from Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran in the field of electrical engineering. He is currently working at GHD Advisory Melbourne VIC 3000 Australia in the field of renewable energy. His main research interests include optimization, nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithms, islanding, microgrid, smart grid, power quality, modeling of electrical networks, and distributed renewable resources.

Mohammad Fayazi was born in Iran in 1990. He graduated with a Ph.D. in Electrical Power Engineering from the Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran, in 2023. He currently works as a Hydropower plant (HPP) Operation expert at Khuzestan Water & Power Authority (KWPA). He has published more than 7 journal and conference papers. His research interests are fault protection, detection, classification, and location in power systems (Hydro power plants synchronous generators and HVAC, HVDC and hybrid parallel AC/DC transmission lines), Artificial Intelligence (AI), renewable power generation and power quality.

Jamshid Barati was born in 1983 in Iran. He received his bachelor's, master's and doctorate degrees in the field of electrical engineering in 2006, 2009 and 2022, respectively, from Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. He is currently an assistant professor in the electrical engineering department of Islamic Azad University, Ramhormoz branch. His special interests are power system protection, power system dynamics and FACTS tools.

Mahmood Joorabian was born in Iran, in 1961. He received his B.E.E degree from University of New Haven, CT, USA, M.Sc. degree in Electrical Power Engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, NY, USA and Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from University of Bath, Bath, UK in 1983, 1985 and 1996, respectively. He has been with the Department of Electrical Engineering at Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran as Senior Lecturer (1985), Assistant Professor (1996), Associate Professor (2004) and Professor (2009). His main research interests are fault location, FACTS devices, power system protection, power quality, and applications of intelligence technique in power systems.

Citation

S. Darvish Kermani, M. Fayazi, J. Barati, and M. Joorabian, "Percentage of Islanding and Peninsulating Detection in ‎Large Microgrids with ‎Renewable Energy Resources ‎with Multiple Connection Points to Different Grids," Journal of Green Energy Research and Innovation, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 1-14, 2024.

[1]‎ I. Varjasi, Attila Balogh, and S. Halasz, "Sensorless Control of a Grid-Connected PV Converter." 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference. IEEE, 2006.

[2]‎ Photovoltaics, D.G. and Storage, E., "IEEE Application Guide for IEEE Std 1547™, IEEE Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems," IEEE, 2009.

[3]‎ S. Krishnamurthy, and E. I. Ogunwole, "Microgrid System Design, Modeling, and Simulation," in Modelling and Control ‎Dynamics in Microgrid Systems with Renewable Energy Resources: Elsevier, pp. 345-376, 2024.

[4]‎ M. E. Ropp, K. Aaker, J. Haigh, and N. Sabbah, "Using Power Line Carrier Communications to Prevent Islanding [of PV ‎Power Systems]," Conference Record of the Twenty-Eighth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, pp. 1675-1678, 2000.‎

[5]‎ I. Pvps, "Evaluation of Islanding Detection Methods for Photovoltaic Utility-Interactive Power Systems," Report IEA ‎PVPS T5-09, vol. 180, 2002.‎

[6]‎ R. Benato, R. Caldon, and F. Cesena, "Carrier Signal-Based Protection to Prevent Dispersed Generation Islanding on MV ‎Systems," 2003.‎

[7]‎ F. De Mango, M. Liserre, and A. Dell'Aquila, "Overview of Anti-Islanding Algorithms for PV Systems. Part II: ‎Active Methods," 12th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, pp. 1884-1889, 2006.

[8]‎ V. Menon, and M. H. Nehrir, "A Hybrid Islanding Detection Technique Using Voltage Unbalance and Frequency Set ‎Point," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 442-448, 2007.

[9]‎ W. Xu, and G. Zhang et al., "A Power Line Signaling Based Technique for Anti-Islanding ‎Protection of Distributed Generators-Part I: Scheme and Analysis," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 22, no. ‎‎3, pp. 1758-1766, 2007.

[10]‎ O. Abarrategui, I. Zamora, D. Larruskain, and A. Iturregi, "Power Line Carrier Communications and Its Interest in the ‎Current Power Grid Scenario," ICREPQ, 2008.