Stochastic Scheduling of Integrated System of Solar Resources and Hydrogen Storage in the Smart ‎Distribution Network Considering a Multi-Objective Energy Management Model

Akbari, Ehsan

doi:10.61882/jgeri.2.3.44

Stochastic Scheduling of Integrated System of Solar Resources and Hydrogen Storage in the Smart ‎Distribution Network Considering a Multi-Objective Energy Management Model

Document Type : Research article

Author

Ehsan Akbari

Department of Electrical Engineering, Mazandaran University of Science and Technology,Babol, Iran

https://doi.org/10.61882/jgeri.2.3.44

Abstract

This study proposes an integrated framework that combines photovoltaic (PV) generation with hydrogen-based storage to enhance energy management in smart distribution systems. The framework is designed to address the multi-objective concerns of distribution system operators (DSOs), focusing on minimizing operating costs, reducing energy losses, and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. To ensure technical rigor and practical applicability, the model incorporates alternating current (AC) power flow equations along with operational constraints and system-specific performance characteristics. Recognizing the inherent uncertainties associated with load demand, renewable PV output, and fluctuating market prices, the research employs a scenario-based stochastic optimization method. This approach integrates the Kantorovich method, which efficiently manages complex multi-dimensional problems, with the Roulette Wheel Mechanism (RWM), a probabilistic selection tool that enhances solution robustness under uncertainty. Numerical simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, demonstrating significant improvements compared with conventional load flow analyses. The results show reductions of approximately 14.5% in operational costs, 28.9% in energy losses, and 21% in emissions, indicating the capacity of the approach to promote sustainable and cost-efficient system operation. Beyond its quantitative achievements, the study provides meaningful insights for DSOs, offering a structured roadmap to navigate the technical, economic, and environmental challenges posed by evolving energy systems. Ultimately, the research underscores the transformative potential of PV-hydrogen integration for building resilient, efficient, and environmentally responsible distribution networks, contributing both theoretical advancements and practical guidance to the broader discourse on sustainable energy management.‎

Graphical Abstract

Stochastic Scheduling of Integrated System of Solar Resources and Hydrogen Storage in the Smart ‎Distribution Network Considering a Multi-Objective Energy Management Model

Highlights

❖ Energy management should be implemented in the distribution network using an integrated PV-hydrogen storage system to improve the network's technical and financial performance.
❖ Modeling the distribution network's operational, economic, and environmental indicators concurrently as a multi-objective optimization problem. This methodology proficiently encapsulates the multi-criteria goals of the DSO, furnishing an allencompassing structure for making decisions.
❖ The incorporation of a hydrogen storage system with PVs to offset variations in PV power, improving the integrated energy system's capacity to regulate network indices by doing so.

Keywords

Integrated Energy System

Photovoltaic (PV)

Hydrogen storage

Multi-objective Optimization

Stochastic Optimization

Declaration of competing interest
The author declares that there are no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. All ethical standards, including avoidance of plagiarism, informed consent, research misconduct, data fabrication or falsification, duplicate publication or submission, and redundancy, have been fully observed by the author.

Credit Authorship Contribution Statement

Ehsan Akbari: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Roles/Writing - original draft, Writing-review & editing.

Bibliography

Ehsan Akbari was born in 1987 in Borujerd, Iran. He received his Diploma and Pre-university degrees from Shahid Beheshti High School in Borujerd in 2004 and 2005, respectively all in Mathematics and Physics fields. received the B.Sc. degree in Electrical Power Engineering from Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran, in 2009 and M.S. degree in Electrical Power Engineering from Mazandaran University of Science and Technology, Babol, Iran, in 2014. He received Ph.D. in Electrical Power Engineering from Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran in 2022. He is now a Assistant Professor at Department of Electrical Engineering, Mazandaran University of Science and Technology, Babol, Iran. He is the author of 20 books and more than 295 papers in reputed journals and conferences and won six patents in his research fields. He has obtained five provincial scientific and technological progress awards. His main areas of research are power quality, flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS), application of power electronics in power systems, power electronics multilevel converters, smart grids, control of grid-connected converters, micro-grids, harmonics, reactive power control using hybrid filters and renewable energy systems. He has served as an organizer and a program committee member for many conferences.

Citation
E. Akbari," Stochastic Scheduling of Integrated System of Solar Resources and Hydrogen Storage in the Smart Distribution Network Considering a Multi-Objective Energy Management Model," Journal of Green Energy Research and Innovation, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 44-53, 2025.