Journal of Green Energy Research and Innovation
Quarterly

Integrating Bioenergy with Advanced Thermodynamic Cycles for Net-Negative Emission Power Generation: A Pathway Toward Sustainable Green Energy Systems

Articles in Press

Document Type : Review article

Authors

Mohammad Ghader Zahiri
Mohammadreza Akbari
Yasin Khalili

Department of Petroleum and Geoenergy Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.

10.61186/jgeri.2025.2076054.1084
Abstract
The escalating concentration of atmospheric CO2 primarily driven by hydrocarbon combustion necessitates innovative strategies that not only mitigate emissions but actively restore carbon balance. This paper presents a critical and analytical review of two synergistic pathways for carbon-negative electricity generation: Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) and the supercritical CO2 (sCO2) Brayton cycle. BECCS leverages biomass as a renewable carbon sink to achieve net-negative emissions through geological CO2 sequestration, while the sCO2 Brayton cycle exploits the exceptional thermodynamic properties of CO2 near its critical point to significantly enhance thermal efficiency (45–55%), reduce plant footprint, and enable water-free operation. The integration of these technologies amplifies their individual benefits, yielding higher net efficiency (40–50%), reduced solvent regeneration energy, and enhanced CO2 removal capacity (up to –1.5 tCO2/MWh). Despite these advantages, challenges persist including high capture and compression costs, material durability under extreme sCO2 conditions, sustainable biomass supply constraints, and limited CO2 transport infrastructure. A comprehensive techno-economic and environmental assessment reveals that with supportive policies, technological maturation, and strategic system integration, the BECCS–sCO2 hybrid can play a decisive role in the global transition to a net-zero and eventually net-negative energy future.

Keywords

Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS)
supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle
carbon-negative energy
CO2 utilization
advanced power cycles
Journal of Green Energy Research and Innovation

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 07 December 2025

  • Receive Date 28 October 2025
  • Revise Date 26 November 2025
  • Accept Date 07 December 2025
  • Publish Date 07 December 2025

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