1
East Azarbaijan Electric Power Distribution Company, Tabriz, Iran
2
Department of Electrical Engineering, Shab.C., Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran
10.61186/jgeri.2025.2072893.1079
Abstract
This study proposes a control-integrated architecture for a Fully Parallel Embedded Z-Source Inverter (FPEZSI) with a Quad-Leg topology, designed for Flexible Photovoltaic (FPV) systems in low-voltage four-wire distribution networks. The inverter addresses critical power quality challenges under distorted grid conditions and non-linear, unbalanced loading. Its topology incorporates two isolated DC sources—typically PV arrays—within an X-shaped impedance network, ensuring continuous DC input current and eliminating the need for bulky LC filters, thereby improving system compactness and cost-efficiency. The Quad-Leg configuration enables full neutral current compensation, essential for unbalanced four-wire grids. A corrected p-q control strategy is developed to support multifunctional operation, including Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), Active Power Filtering (APF), and DC bus voltage regulation. This unified control approach allows simultaneous energy extraction, harmonic mitigation, and voltage stabilization. Performance evaluation under distorted voltage and asymmetrical load conditions confirms the inverter’s dynamic stability and harmonic suppression capabilities. The system achieves a boost factor of B=1.8 at a modulation index of D=0.3, maintains a stable DC link voltage at VC=550 V, and reduces source current Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) to 0.81%, significantly outperforming the IEEE 519 standard threshold of 5%. These results validate the FPEZSI’s reliability, scalability, and suitability for smart grid integration and advanced energy management, particularly in distributed renewable environments requiring robust power quality and multifunctional inverter control.
Khani,S. and Mohammadian,L. (2025). A Unified Control-Oriented Framework for Fully Parallel Embedded Z-Source Inverters in Flexible Photovoltaic Systems under Grid Distortion. (e732388). Journal of Green Energy Research and Innovation, (), e732388 doi: 10.61186/jgeri.2025.2072893.1079
MLA
Khani,S. , and Mohammadian,L. . "A Unified Control-Oriented Framework for Fully Parallel Embedded Z-Source Inverters in Flexible Photovoltaic Systems under Grid Distortion" .e732388 , Journal of Green Energy Research and Innovation, , , 2025, e732388. doi: 10.61186/jgeri.2025.2072893.1079
HARVARD
Khani S., Mohammadian L. (2025). 'A Unified Control-Oriented Framework for Fully Parallel Embedded Z-Source Inverters in Flexible Photovoltaic Systems under Grid Distortion', Journal of Green Energy Research and Innovation, (), e732388. doi: 10.61186/jgeri.2025.2072893.1079
CHICAGO
S. Khani and L. Mohammadian, "A Unified Control-Oriented Framework for Fully Parallel Embedded Z-Source Inverters in Flexible Photovoltaic Systems under Grid Distortion," Journal of Green Energy Research and Innovation, (2025): e732388, doi: 10.61186/jgeri.2025.2072893.1079
VANCOUVER
Khani S., Mohammadian L. A Unified Control-Oriented Framework for Fully Parallel Embedded Z-Source Inverters in Flexible Photovoltaic Systems under Grid Distortion. JGERI, 2025; (): e732388. doi: 10.61186/jgeri.2025.2072893.1079